Skip to main content
PMC home page
Heart logoLink to Heart
. 1996 Sep;76(3):280–286. doi: 10.1136/hrt.76.3.280

Ventricular myoarchitecture in tetralogy of Fallot.

D Sanchez-Quintana 1, R H Anderson 1, S Y Ho 1
PMCID: PMC484521  PMID: 8868990

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to the architecture of the muscle fibres of the ventricular walls in congenitally malformed hearts. In this study the gross pattern of myocardial fibres in normal hearts was compared with that in cases of tetralogy of Fallot. METHODS AND RESULTS: After morphological examination nine specimens with tetralogy were dissected to study the ventricular myoarchitecture. Changes were found in the shape of the malformed ventricles. The ventricular walls were arranged in layers in all hearts. Superficial and deep layers were present in both ventricles, with the superficial layer showing a more oblique orientation in the specimens with tetralogy than in normal hearts. Modifications of muscle fibre that were related to the type of malformation were seen in the deep layer. A middle layer was present in the left ventricles of normal hearts and specimens with tetralogy: this showed a horizontal orientation in both groups. In contrast, a middle layer was found in the right ventricle only in specimens showing tetralogy. CONCLUSIONS: The malformed hearts showed modifications in ventricular shape, in the arrangement of muscle in the right ventricle, and in the overall myoarchitecture. These changes could well be the consequence of the same agent (or agents) that caused the structural defect.

Full text

PDF
280

Images in this article

281Image
on p.281
282Image
on p.282
283Image
on p.283
284Image
on p.284

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alvarez L., Aránega A., Contreras J. A., Lopez-Torres J., Fernandez J. E. Morphometric study of right ventricle in 32 cases of tetralogy of Fallot. Herz. 1988 Feb;13(1):41–48. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anderson R. H., Becker A. E., Van Mierop L. H. What should we call the 'crista'? Br Heart J. 1977 Aug;39(8):856–859. doi: 10.1136/hrt.39.8.856. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Anderson R. H., Devine W. A., Del Nido P. The surgical anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia rather than pulmonary stenosis. J Card Surg. 1991 Mar;6(1):41–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.1991.tb00562.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Becker A. E., Connor M., Anderson R. H. Tetralogy of Fallot: a morphometric and geometric study. Am J Cardiol. 1975 Mar;35(3):402–412. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90034-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fernandez-Teran M. A., Hurle J. M. Myocardial fiber architecture of the human heart ventricles. Anat Rec. 1982 Oct;204(2):137–147. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092040207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GRANT R. P. NOTES ON THE MUSCULAR ARCHITECTURE OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE. Circulation. 1965 Aug;32:301–308. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.32.2.301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gatzoulis M. A., Clark A. L., Cullen S., Newman C. G., Redington A. N. Right ventricular diastolic function 15 to 35 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Restrictive physiology predicts superior exercise performance. Circulation. 1995 Mar 15;91(6):1775–1781. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.91.6.1775. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Greenbaum R. A., Ho S. Y., Gibson D. G., Becker A. E., Anderson R. H. Left ventricular fibre architecture in man. Br Heart J. 1981 Mar;45(3):248–263. doi: 10.1136/hrt.45.3.248. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hutchins G. M., Bulkley B. H., Moore G. W., Piasio M. A., Lohr F. T. Shape of the human cardiac ventricles. Am J Cardiol. 1978 Apr;41(4):646–654. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(78)90812-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jarmakani J. M., Nakazawa M., Isabel-Jones J., Marks R. A. Right ventricular function in children with tetralogy of Fallot before and after aortic-to-pulmonary shunt. Circulation. 1976 Mar;53(3):555–561. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.53.3.555. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Krymsky L. D. Pathologic anatomy of congenital heart disease. Circulation. 1965 Nov;32(5):814–827. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.32.5.814. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. LEV M., ECKNER F. A. THE PATHOLOGIC ANATOMY OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT AND ITS VARIATIONS. Dis Chest. 1964 Mar;45:251–261. doi: 10.1378/chest.45.3.251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lange P. E., Onnasch D. G., Bernhard A., Heintzen P. H. Left and right ventricular adaptation to right ventricular overload before and after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol. 1982 Oct;50(4):786–794. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(82)91235-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. LeGrice I. J., Smaill B. H., Chai L. Z., Edgar S. G., Gavin J. B., Hunter P. J. Laminar structure of the heart: ventricular myocyte arrangement and connective tissue architecture in the dog. Am J Physiol. 1995 Aug;269(2 Pt 2):H571–H582. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1995.269.2.H571. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Matsuda H., Hirose H., Nakano S., Kishimoto H., Kato H., Kobayashi J., Miura T., Kato M., Kawashima Y. Age-related changes in right and left ventricular function in tetralogy of Fallot. Jpn Circ J. 1986 Oct;50(10):1040–1043. doi: 10.1253/jcj.50.1040. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McLean M. R., Prothero J. Coordinated three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections at macroscopic and microscopic levels of resolution: the human heart. Anat Rec. 1987 Dec;219(4):374-7, 434-9. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092190415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rosenquist G. C., Sweeney L. J., Stemple D. R., Christianson S. D., Rowe R. D. Ventricular septal defect in tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol. 1973 Jun;31(6):749–754. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(73)90010-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sanchez-Quintana D., Garcia-Martinez V., Climent V., Hurle J. M. Morphological changes in the normal pattern of ventricular myoarchitecture in the developing human heart. Anat Rec. 1995 Dec;243(4):483–495. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092430411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sanchez-Quintana D., Garcia-Martinez V., Hurle J. M. Myocardial fiber architecture in the human heart. Anatomical demonstration of modifications in the normal pattern of ventricular fiber architecture in a malformed adult specimen. Acta Anat (Basel) 1990;138(4):352–358. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sanchez-Quintana D., Hurle J. M. Ventricular myocardial architecture in marine fishes. Anat Rec. 1987 Mar;217(3):263–273. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092170307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Torrent Guasp F. La estructuración macroscópica del miocardio ventricular. Rev Esp Cardiol. 1980;33(3):265–287. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Usson Y., Parazza F., Jouk P. S., Michalowicz G. Method for the study of the three-dimensional orientation of the nuclei of myocardial cells in fetal human heart by means of confocal scanning laser microscopy. J Microsc. 1994 May;174(Pt 2):101–110. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1994.tb03454.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Van Praagh R., Van Praagh S., Nebesar R. A., Muster A. J., Sinha S. N., Paul M. H. Tetralogy of Fallot: underdevelopment of the pulmonary infundibulum and its sequelae. Am J Cardiol. 1970 Jul;26(1):25–33. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(70)90754-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Weber K. T., Sun Y., Tyagi S. C., Cleutjens J. P. Collagen network of the myocardium: function, structural remodeling and regulatory mechanisms. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1994 Mar;26(3):279–292. doi: 10.1006/jmcc.1994.1036. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Heart are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES