Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1992 Mar 15;89(6):2302–2306. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.6.2302

Functional expression of human mdr1 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

K Kuchler 1, J Thorner 1
PMCID: PMC48645  PMID: 1347948

Abstract

Development of multiple drug resistance in tumor cells involves amplification of the mdr1 gene product, a 170-kDa plasma membrane glycoprotein that is an ATP-driven pump that extrudes the drugs. Human mdr1 (also designated as PGY1) cDNA was expressed in yeast cells by using the promoter and translational initiation signal of a related yeast gene, STE6. Immunoblotting of subcellular fractions showed that all of the Mdr1 (also known as P glycoprotein) was associated with the particulate material. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the majority of the Mdr1 was localized to the plasma membrane (although a significant amount was also found in the endoplasmic reticulum). In contrast to mammalian cells, Mdr1 was not glycosylated in yeast. Nevertheless, some, if not all, of the Mdr1 made in yeast was properly folded and functional because it could be photoaffinity labeled specifically with 8-azido-ATP and because cells overexpressing Mdr1 displayed increased resistance towards valinomycin, an ionophore known to interact with Mdr1 in animal cells. Hence, a human polytopic membrane protein was correctly inserted into the yeast plasma membrane, and glycosylation was not required for its function.

Full text

PDF
2306

Images in this article

2304Image
on p.2304
2304Image
on p.2304
2305Image
on p.2305
2305Image
on p.2305
2305Image
on p.2305

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ames G. F., Mimura C. S., Shyamala V. Bacterial periplasmic permeases belong to a family of transport proteins operating from Escherichia coli to human: Traffic ATPases. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1990 Aug;6(4):429–446. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04110.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anderegg R. J., Betz R., Carr S. A., Crabb J. W., Duntze W. Structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating hormone a-factor. Identification of S-farnesyl cysteine as a structural component. J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 5;263(34):18236–18240. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beck W. T., Cirtain M. C. Continued expression of vinca alkaloid resistance by CCRF-CEM cells after treatment with tunicamycin or pronase. Cancer Res. 1982 Jan;42(1):184–189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chan R. K., Otte C. A. Physiological characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants supersensitive to G1 arrest by a factor and alpha factor pheromones. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Jan;2(1):21–29. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.1.21. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Choi K. H., Chen C. J., Kriegler M., Roninson I. B. An altered pattern of cross-resistance in multidrug-resistant human cells results from spontaneous mutations in the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein) gene. Cell. 1988 May 20;53(4):519–529. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90568-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cornwell M. M., Tsuruo T., Gottesman M. M., Pastan I. ATP-binding properties of P glycoprotein from multidrug-resistant KB cells. FASEB J. 1987 Jul;1(1):51–54. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.1.1.2886389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Daoud S. S., Juliano R. L. Modulation of doxorubicin resistance by valinomycin (NSC 122023) and liposomal valinomycin in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cancer Res. 1989 May 15;49(10):2661–2667. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. De Nobel J. G., Barnett J. A. Passage of molecules through yeast cell walls: a brief essay-review. Yeast. 1991 May-Jun;7(4):313–323. doi: 10.1002/yea.320070402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dreyfuss G., Adam S. A., Choi Y. D. Physical change in cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoproteins in cells treated with inhibitors of mRNA transcription. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):415–423. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.415. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Elion E. A., Grisafi P. L., Fink G. R. FUS3 encodes a cdc2+/CDC28-related kinase required for the transition from mitosis into conjugation. Cell. 1990 Feb 23;60(4):649–664. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90668-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Endicott J. A., Ling V. The biochemistry of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Annu Rev Biochem. 1989;58:137–171. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.58.070189.001033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Franzusoff A., Rothblatt J., Schekman R. Analysis of polypeptide transit through yeast secretory pathway. Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:662–674. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(91)94048-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gerlach J. H., Endicott J. A., Juranka P. F., Henderson G., Sarangi F., Deuchars K. L., Ling V. Homology between P-glycoprotein and a bacterial haemolysin transport protein suggests a model for multidrug resistance. Nature. 1986 Dec 4;324(6096):485–489. doi: 10.1038/324485a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gottesman M. M., Pastan I. The multidrug transporter, a double-edged sword. J Biol Chem. 1988 Sep 5;263(25):12163–12166. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Greenberger L. M., Williams S. S., Georges E., Ling V., Horwitz S. B. Electrophoretic analysis of P-glycoproteins produced by mouse J774.2 and Chinese hamster ovary multidrug-resistant cells. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 Jun 1;80(7):506–510. doi: 10.1093/jnci/80.7.506. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hamada H., Tsuruo T. Characterization of the ATPase activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 membrane glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) associated with multidrug resistance in K562/ADM cells. Cancer Res. 1988 Sep 1;48(17):4926–4932. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hamada H., Tsuruo T. Purification of the 170- to 180-kilodalton membrane glycoprotein associated with multidrug resistance. 170- to 180-kilodalton membrane glycoprotein is an ATPase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1454–1458. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Hill J. E., Myers A. M., Koerner T. J., Tzagoloff A. Yeast/E. coli shuttle vectors with multiple unique restriction sites. Yeast. 1986 Sep;2(3):163–167. doi: 10.1002/yea.320020304. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hyde S. C., Emsley P., Hartshorn M. J., Mimmack M. M., Gileadi U., Pearce S. R., Gallagher M. P., Gill D. R., Hubbard R. E., Higgins C. F. Structural model of ATP-binding proteins associated with cystic fibrosis, multidrug resistance and bacterial transport. Nature. 1990 Jul 26;346(6282):362–365. doi: 10.1038/346362a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Julius D., Blair L., Brake A., Sprague G., Thorner J. Yeast alpha factor is processed from a larger precursor polypeptide: the essential role of a membrane-bound dipeptidyl aminopeptidase. Cell. 1983 Mar;32(3):839–852. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90070-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Kane S. E., Pastan I., Gottesman M. M. Genetic basis of multidrug resistance of tumor cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1990 Aug;22(4):593–618. doi: 10.1007/BF00762963. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Kuchler K., Sterne R. E., Thorner J. Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE6 gene product: a novel pathway for protein export in eukaryotic cells. EMBO J. 1989 Dec 20;8(13):3973–3984. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08580.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Kuchler K., Thorner J. Membrane translocation of proteins without hydrophobic signal peptides. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;2(4):617–624. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(90)90102-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Ling V., Kartner N., Sudo T., Siminovitch L., Riordan J. R. Multidrug-resistance phenotype in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cancer Treat Rep. 1983 Oct;67(10):869–874. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Mahoney W. C., Duksin D. Biological activities of the two major components of tunicamycin. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jul 25;254(14):6572–6576. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. McGrath J. P., Varshavsky A. The yeast STE6 gene encodes a homologue of the mammalian multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein. Nature. 1989 Aug 3;340(6232):400–404. doi: 10.1038/340400a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Muesch A., Hartmann E., Rohde K., Rubartelli A., Sitia R., Rapoport T. A. A novel pathway for secretory proteins? Trends Biochem Sci. 1990 Mar;15(3):86–88. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(90)90186-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Pringle J. R., Adams A. E., Drubin D. G., Haarer B. K. Immunofluorescence methods for yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:565–602. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(91)94043-c. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rose M. D., Misra L. M., Vogel J. P. KAR2, a karyogamy gene, is the yeast homolog of the mammalian BiP/GRP78 gene. Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1211–1221. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90058-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sikorski R. S., Hieter P. A system of shuttle vectors and yeast host strains designed for efficient manipulation of DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1989 May;122(1):19–27. doi: 10.1093/genetics/122.1.19. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Trueheart J., Boeke J. D., Fink G. R. Two genes required for cell fusion during yeast conjugation: evidence for a pheromone-induced surface protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2316–2328. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.7.2316. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Ueda K., Cardarelli C., Gottesman M. M., Pastan I. Expression of a full-length cDNA for the human "MDR1" gene confers resistance to colchicine, doxorubicin, and vinblastine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(9):3004–3008. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.9.3004. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. West I. C. What determines the substrate specificity of the multi-drug-resistance pump? Trends Biochem Sci. 1990 Feb;15(2):42–46. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(90)90171-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Wilson K. L., Herskowitz I. Negative regulation of STE6 gene expression by the alpha 2 product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Nov;4(11):2420–2427. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.11.2420. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES