Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1990 Mar;87(5):1840–1844. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.5.1840

Magnesium dietary intake modulates blood lipid levels and atherogenesis.

B T Altura 1, M Brust 1, S Bloom 1, R L Barbour 1, J G Stempak 1, B M Altura 1
PMCID: PMC53579  PMID: 2308944

Abstract

In this study, we have examined the effects of variation in dietary Mg on the atherogenic process. Oral supplementation of rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet (1% or 2%) with the Mg salt magnesium aspartate hydrochloride (Magnesiocard) (i) lowers the level of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in normal (25-35%) as well as atherosclerotic (20-40%) animals and (ii) attenuates the atherosclerotic process markedly. In addition, we found that dietary deficiency of Mg augments atherogenesis markedly and stimulates (or activates) macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system. Evidence is presented to indicate that the hypercholesterolemic state may cause the loss of Mg from soft tissues to the serum, thereby masking an underlying Mg deficiency.

Full text

PDF
1843

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Altura B. M., Altura B. T., Gebrewold A., Ising H., Günther T. Magnesium deficiency and hypertension: correlation between magnesium-deficient diets and microcirculatory changes in situ. Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1315–1317. doi: 10.1126/science.6701524. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Altura B. M., Altura B. T. Magnesium, electrolyte transport and coronary vascular tone. Drugs. 1984 Oct;28 (Suppl 1):120–142. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198400281-00013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Altura B. M., Altura B. T. New perspectives on the role of magnesium in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. I. Clinical aspects. Magnesium. 1985;4(5-6):226–244. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Altura B. M., Hersey S. G., Hyman C. Influence of choline on the reticuloendothelial system and on survival after experimental shock. J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1966 May;3(1):57–64. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Altura B. M. Ischemic heart disease and magnesium. Magnesium. 1988;7(2):57–67. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bloom S. Coronary arterial lesions in Mg-deficient hamsters. Magnesium. 1985;4(2-3):82–95. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brown M. S., Goldstein J. L. A receptor-mediated pathway for cholesterol homeostasis. Science. 1986 Apr 4;232(4746):34–47. doi: 10.1126/science.3513311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cohen L., Kitzes R. Magnesium sulfate in the treatment of variant angina. Magnesium. 1984;3(1):46–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Constantinides P. Atherosclerosis--a general survey and synthesis. Surv Synth Pathol Res. 1984;3(6):477–498. doi: 10.1159/000156950. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cornhill J. F., Barrett W. A., Herderick E. E., Mahley R. W., Fry D. L. Topographic study of sudanophilic lesions in cholesterol-fed minipigs by image analysis. Arteriosclerosis. 1985 Sep-Oct;5(5):415–426. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.5.5.415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Crawford T., Crawford M. D. Prevalence and pathological changes of ischaemic heart-disease in a hard-water and in a soft-water area. Lancet. 1967 Feb 4;1(7484):229–232. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(67)91297-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ebel H., Günther T. Role of magnesium in cardiac disease. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1983 May;21(5):249–265. doi: 10.1515/cclm.1983.21.5.249. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Friedman H. S., Nguyen T. N., Mokraoui A. M., Barbour R. L., Murakawa T., Altura B. M. Effects of magnesium chloride on cardiovascular hemodynamics in the neurally intact dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1987 Oct;243(1):126–130. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. GEER J. C., McGILL H. C., Jr, STRONG J. P. The fine structure of human atherosclerotic lesions. Am J Pathol. 1961 Mar;38:263–287. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Gerrity R. G. The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: I. Transition of blood-borne monocytes into foam cells in fatty lesions. Am J Pathol. 1981 May;103(2):181–190. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Gerrity R. G. The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: II. Migration of foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions. Am J Pathol. 1981 May;103(2):191–200. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. HUGHES A., TONKS R. S. PLATELETS, MAGNESIUM, AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Lancet. 1965 May 15;1(7394):1044–1046. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91317-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kummerow F. A. Lipoprotein responses and artery wall responses as factors affecting the development of atherosclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1985;454:46–51. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb11843.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kurgan A., Gertz S. D., Wajnberg R. S., Eldor A., Jersky J., Nelson E. Effect of magnesium sulfate on platelet deposition in rabbits following temporary arterial occlusion with surgical clips. Surgery. 1980 Apr;87(4):390–396. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. MALKIEL-SHAPIRO B. Further observations on parenteral magnesium sulphate therapy in coronary heart disease: a clinical appraisal. S Afr Med J. 1958 Dec 20;32(51):1211–1215. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Manthey J., Opherk D., Stockins B., Kübler W. Magnesium im Serum bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1982 May 14;107(19):732–735. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1070011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Morgan K. J., Stampley G. L., Zabik M. E., Fischer D. R. Magnesium and calcium dietary intakes of the U.S. population. J Am Coll Nutr. 1985;4(2):195–206. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1985.10720076. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Murnaghan D. J., Ryan M. P., Hickey N. J., Maurer B. J., Hingerty D. J., Mulcahy R. Magnesium levels in patients with coronary heart disease. J Atheroscler Res. 1969 Jul-Aug;10(1):85–89. doi: 10.1016/s0368-1319(69)80085-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. NAKAMURA M., TORII S., HIRAMATSU M., HIRANO J., SUMIYOSHI A., TANAKA K. DIETARY EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ON CHOLESTEROL-INDUCED ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF RABBITS. J Atheroscler Res. 1965 Mar-Apr;5(2):145–158. doi: 10.1016/s0368-1319(65)80057-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Oliver M. F. Hypercholesterolaemia and coronary heart disease: an answer. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984 Feb 11;288(6415):423–424. doi: 10.1136/bmj.288.6415.423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Renaud S., Ciavatti M., Thevenon C., Ripoll J. P. Protective effects of dietary calcium and magnesium on platelet function and atherosclerosis in rabbits fed saturated fat. Atherosclerosis. 1983 May;47(2):187–198. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(83)90154-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ross R., Glomset J. A. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (first of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1976 Aug 12;295(7):369–377. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197608122950707. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis--an update. N Engl J Med. 1986 Feb 20;314(8):488–500. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198602203140806. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Schwartz S. M., Reidy M. A. Common mechanisms of proliferation of smooth muscle in atherosclerosis and hypertension. Hum Pathol. 1987 Mar;18(3):240–247. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80006-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Szelényi I. Magnesium and its significance in cardiovascular and gastro-intestinal disorders. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1973;17:189–224. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Turlapaty P. D., Altura B. M. Magnesium deficiency produces spasms of coronary arteries: relationship to etiology of sudden death ischemic heart disease. Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):198–200. doi: 10.1126/science.7361117. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. VITALE J. J., WHITE P. L., NAKAMURA M., HEGSTED D. M., ZAMCHECK N., HELLERSTEIN E. E. Interrelationships between experimental hypercholesteremia, magnesium requirement, and experimental atherosclerosis. J Exp Med. 1957 Nov 1;106(5):757–766. doi: 10.1084/jem.106.5.757. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Wissler R. W., Vesselinovitch D. Experimental models of human atherosclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1968 Nov 21;149(2):907–922. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Zieve F. J., Freude K. A., Zieve L. Effects of magnesium deficiency on protein and nucleic acid synthesis in vivo. J Nutr. 1977 Dec;107(12):2178–2188. doi: 10.1093/jn/107.12.2178. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES