Skip to main content
PMC home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1977 Jun;59(6):1104–1110. doi: 10.1104/pp.59.6.1104

Host-Pathogen Interactions

XIII. Extracellular Invertases Secreted by Three Races of a Plant Pathogen Are Glycoproteins Which Possess Different Carbohydrate Structures 1

Ernst Ziegler a,2, Peter Albersheim a,3
PMCID: PMC542515  PMID: 16660002

Abstract

The invertase present in the culture fluid of races 1, 2, and 3 of Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. var. sojae A. A. Hildebrand (Pms) were purified until they gave but a single band, whether stained for protein or carbohydrate, after isoelectric focusing in flat bed gels. The sugar compositions of multiple preparations of the purified invertases from each race of this fungal pathogen were determined by quantitative gas chromatography of their alditol acetates. The invertases are composed of about 25% carbohydrate. Mannose and glucosamine make up more than 97% of the carbohydrate portions of the invertases of all three Pms races analyzed, but the ratio of mannose to glucosamine is clearly not the same in each race. The glycosyl linkage compositions of the glucosamine-containing mannans of multiple preparations of the Pms invertases were determined by GC-MS analysis of the partially methylated alditol acetate derivatives. The results of these analyses demonstrate clear quantitative differences between the glycosyl components of the different Pms races. The existence of race-specific carbohydrate structures in the differentially virulent Pms races suggests that these carbohydrates may be involved in determining the specificity of hostpathogen interactions.

Full text

PDF
1110

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ayers A. R., Ebel J., Finelli F., Berger N., Albersheim P. Host-Pathogen Interactions: IX. Quantitative Assays of Elicitor Activity and Characterization of the Elicitor Present in the Extracellular Medium of Cultures of Phytophthora megasperma var. sojae. Plant Physiol. 1976 May;57(5):751–759. doi: 10.1104/pp.57.5.751. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ayers A. R., Ebel J., Valent B., Albersheim P. Host-Pathogen Interactions: X. Fractionation and Biological Activity of an Elicitor Isolated from the Mycelial Walls of Phytophthora megasperma var. sojae. Plant Physiol. 1976 May;57(5):760–765. doi: 10.1104/pp.57.5.760. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ayers A. R., Valent B., Ebel J., Albersheim P. Host-Pathogen Interactions: XI. Composition and Structure of Wall-released Elicitor Fractions. Plant Physiol. 1976 May;57(5):766–774. doi: 10.1104/pp.57.5.766. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ballou C. E. A study of the immunochemistry of three yeast mannans. J Biol Chem. 1970 Mar 10;245(5):1197–1203. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ballou C. E. Some aspects of the structure, immunochemistry, and genetic control of yeast mannans. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1974;40(0):239–270. doi: 10.1002/9780470122853.ch6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bussey H., Rimerman R. A., Hatfield G. W. Specific ion mediated chromatography of glycoproteins and neutral polysaccharides on substituted agarose gels. Anal Biochem. 1975 Apr;64(2):380–388. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(75)90446-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. COONS A. H., KAPLAN M. H. Localization of antigen in tissue cells; improvements in a method for the detection of antigen by means of fluorescent antibody. J Exp Med. 1950 Jan 1;91(1):1–13. doi: 10.1084/jem.91.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HAKOMORI S. A RAPID PERMETHYLATION OF GLYCOLIPID, AND POLYSACCHARIDE CATALYZED BY METHYLSULFINYL CARBANION IN DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE. J Biochem. 1964 Feb;55:205–208. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Itano H. A., Yamada S. 2-Aminophenanthroimidazole, fluorescent product of the reaction of phenanthrenequinone with arginine. Anal Biochem. 1972 Aug;48(2):483–490. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(72)90102-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jones T. M., Albersheim P. A gas chromatographic method for the determination of aldose and uronic Acid constituents of plant cell wall polysaccharides. Plant Physiol. 1972 Jun;49(6):926–936. doi: 10.1104/pp.49.6.926. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lipke P. N., Raschke W. C., Ballou C. E. Characterization of a yeast D-mannan with an alpha-D-glucosyl phosphate residue as an important immunochemical determinant. Carbohydr Res. 1974 Oct;37(1):23–35. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)87062-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lüderitz O., Staub A. M., Westphal O. Immunochemistry of O and R antigens of Salmonella and related Enterobacteriaceae. Bacteriol Rev. 1966 Mar;30(1):192–255. doi: 10.1128/br.30.1.192-255.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Neumann N. P., Lampen J. O. Purification and properties of yeast invertase. Biochemistry. 1967 Feb;6(2):468–475. doi: 10.1021/bi00854a015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Raschke W. C., Ballou C. E. Characterization of a yeast mannan containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as an immunochemical determinant. Biochemistry. 1972 Sep 26;11(20):3807–3816. doi: 10.1021/bi00770a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. SMOGYI M. Notes on sugar determination. J Biol Chem. 1952 Mar;195(1):19–23. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Sandford P. A., Conrad H. E. The structure of the Aerobacter aerogenes A3(S1) polysaccharide. I. A reexamination using improved procedures for methylation analysis. Biochemistry. 1966 May;5(5):1508–1517. doi: 10.1021/bi00869a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Smith W. L., Ballou C. E. Immunochemical characterization of the mannan component of the external invertase (beta-fructofuranosidase) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry. 1974 Jan 15;13(2):355–361. doi: 10.1021/bi00699a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Talmadge K. W., Keegstra K., Bauer W. D., Albersheim P. The Structure of Plant Cell Walls: I. The Macromolecular Components of the Walls of Suspension-cultured Sycamore Cells with a Detailed Analysis of the Pectic Polysaccharides. Plant Physiol. 1973 Jan;51(1):158–173. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.1.158. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Vesterberg O. Isoelectric focusing of proteins in polyacrylamide gels. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Jan 26;257(1):11–19. doi: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90248-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Wolpert J. S., Albersheim P. Host-symbiont interactions. I. The lectins of legumes interact with the o-antigen-containing lipopolysaccharides of their symbiont Rhizobia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Jun 7;70(3):729–737. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90653-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES