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. 2011 Mar 9;16(2):236–257. doi: 10.2478/s11658-011-0005-0

Stem cells from adipose tissue

Malgorzata Witkowska-Zimny 1,✉, Katarzyna Walenko 1
PMCID: PMC6275912  PMID: 21394447

Abstract

This is a review of the growing scientific interest in the developmental plasticity and therapeutic potential of stromal cells isolated from adipose tissue. Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that are abundant in fat tissue. It has been shown that ASCs can differentiate into several lineages, including adipose cells, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, neuronal cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. At the same time, adipose tissue can be harvested by a minimally invasive procedure, which makes it a promising source of adult stem cells. Therefore, it is believed that ASCs may become an alternative to the currently available adult stem cells (e.g. bone marrow stromal cells) for potential use in regenerative medicine. In this review, we present the basic information about the field of adipose-derived stem cells and their potential use in various applications.

Key words: Adult stem cells, Adipose-derived stem cells/stromal cells, Adipose tissue, Regenerative medicine

Full Text

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Abbreviations used

ASCs

adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

BAT

brown adipose tissue

BM-MSCs

bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

BMP

bone morphogenetic protein

ES

embryonic stem

HGF

hepatocyte growth factor

HSCs

hematopoietic stem cells

IGF

insulin growth factor

Il

interleukin

M-CSF

macrophage colony stimulating factor

MSCs

mesenchymal stem cells

Runx2

runt-related transcription factor 2

SVF

stromal-vascular cell fraction

TGF-β1

transforming growth factor-β1

TNFα

tumor necrosis factor α

WAT

white adipose tissue

VEGF

vascular endothelial growth factor

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