Résumé
Le développement des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) et d’Internet offre aux intervenants en santé publique de nouveaux outils pour remplir leurs missions de connaissance et surveillance de l’état de santé de la population, de promotion de la santé, de prévention des maladies et de protection de la santé publique. Ainsi, depuis quelques années, apparaissent de nouvelles applications et pratiques en santé publique qui utilisent ces technologies, en particulier au niveau de la communication entre les intervenants et de la transmission d’informations à la population.
Cet article a pour objectif de donner une vue d’ensemble de l’utilisation des TIC en santé publique et de discuter des impacts de ces technologies sur les pratiques. La discussion est centrée autour des implications de l’utilisation de ces nouvelles technologies: implications en ce qui concerne les nouvelles possibilités d’interventions mais aussi en ce qui concerne les difficultés liées à l’utilisation de ces technologies et les problèmes d’inégalité et d’éthique qu’elles peuvent entraîner. Finalement, le problème de l’évaluation de ces technologies et de leur impact sur la santé des populations est abordé.
Abstract
The development of information and communications technologies (ICT) and Internet offers public health practitioners new tools to fulfil their missions of monitoring public health, health promotion and disease prevention, and public health protection. In recent years, new applications and practices in public health using these technologies have emerged, particularly in the area of communication among practitioners and transmission of information to the population.
This article aims to give an overall view of the use of ICT in public health and to discuss the impact of these technologies on public health practices. The discussion is centred around the implications of using these new technologies: implications with regard to the new possibilities provided by these technologies, but also with regard to the difficulties involved in their use as well as issues related to unequal access and ethics. Finally, the question of the evaluation of these technologies and of their impact on public health is discussed.
Footnotes
Cet travail a été rendu possible grâce au soutien financier des Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada.
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