Skip to main content
PMC home page
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research logoLink to Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
. 1996 Apr;60(2):94–99.

Antibody production and blastogenic response in pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

S A Vézina 1, H Loemba 1, M Fournier 1, S Dea 1, D Archambault 1
PMCID: PMC1263813  PMID: 8785726

Abstract

Seven five-week piglets were infected intranasally with 10(5) TCID50 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus strain IAF.exp91. All virus-exposed pigs developed fever, labored abdominal breathing, conjunctivitis, and lymph node enlargement within the first 96 h postexposure (PE), which continued to d 10 to 14 PE. Two pigs that were necropsied at d 7 and 10 PE had diffuse interstitial pneumonitis, cardiopathy and lymphadenopathy. All 5 remaining pigs produced serum IgM and IgG antibodies against PRRS virus by 7 or 14 days PE, as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. This corresponded with the capability of isolating the virus from serum d 7 to d 49 or d 63 PE. Low serum neutralizing antibody titers were detected in 3 of the virus-exposed pigs by 35 days PE. A transient episode of diminished proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) was observed in the virus-exposed pigs at d 3 PE. However, in vitro spontaneous uptake of [3H]-thymidine was significantly increased in lymphocyte cultures of the same pigs at d 7 or d 14 PE. These results suggest polyclonal activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Full text

PDF
99

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Archambault D., Morin G., Elazhary M. A. Effect of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, Corynebacterium parvum and mycobacterium cell wall extract on in vitro blastogenic responses of bovine blood lymphocytes. Cornell Vet. 1989 Jan;79(1):11–24. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bilodeau R., Archambault D., Vézina S. A., Sauvageau R., Fournier M., Dea S. Persistence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in a swine operation. Can J Vet Res. 1994 Oct;58(4):291–298. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cafruny W. A. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus: biology and pathogenesis. Crit Rev Microbiol. 1989;17(2):107–119. doi: 10.3109/10408418909105744. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cafruny W. A., Plagemann P. G. Immune response to lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus: serologically specific rabbit neutralizing antibody to the virus. Infect Immun. 1982 Sep;37(3):1007–1012. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.3.1007-1012.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Christianson W. T., Choi C. S., Collins J. E., Molitor T. W., Morrison R. B., Joo H. S. Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in mid-gestation sows and fetuses. Can J Vet Res. 1993 Oct;57(4):262–268. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Christianson W. T., Collins J. E., Benfield D. A., Harris L., Gorcyca D. E., Chladek D. W., Morrison R. B., Joo H. S. Experimental reproduction of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome in pregnant sows. Am J Vet Res. 1992 Apr;53(4):485–488. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Collins J. E., Benfield D. A., Christianson W. T., Harris L., Hennings J. C., Shaw D. P., Goyal S. M., McCullough S., Morrison R. B., Joo H. S. Isolation of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and experimental reproduction of the disease in gnotobiotic pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1992 Apr;4(2):117–126. doi: 10.1177/104063879200400201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Conzelmann K. K., Visser N., Van Woensel P., Thiel H. J. Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group. Virology. 1993 Mar;193(1):329–339. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1129. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Coutelier J. P., Coulie P. G., Wauters P., Heremans H., van der Logt J. T. In vivo polyclonal B-lymphocyte activation elicited by murine viruses. J Virol. 1990 Nov;64(11):5383–5388. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.11.5383-5388.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Coutelier J. P., Van Snick J. Isotypically restricted activation of B lymphocytes by lactic dehydrogenase virus. Eur J Immunol. 1985 Mar;15(3):250–255. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830150308. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Goyal S. M. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1993 Oct;5(4):656–664. doi: 10.1177/104063879300500435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kim H. S., Kwang J., Yoon I. J., Joo H. S., Frey M. L. Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line. Arch Virol. 1993;133(3-4):477–483. doi: 10.1007/BF01313785. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Li X., Hu B., Harty J., Even C., Plagemann P. G. Polyclonal B cell activation of IgG2a and IgG2b production by infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus is partly dependent on CD4+ lymphocytes. Viral Immunol. 1990 Winter;3(4):273–288. doi: 10.1089/vim.1990.3.273. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Mardassi H., Athanassious R., Mounir S., Dea S. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of Quebec isolates associated with acute and chronic outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Can J Vet Res. 1994 Jan;58(1):55–64. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mardassi H., Wilson L., Mounir S., Dea S. Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and efficient differentiation between Canadian and European strains by reverse transcription and PCR amplification. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Sep;32(9):2197–2203. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.9.2197-2203.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McDonald T. L., Donnelly T., Weber A., Quenette L. Antibody classes and subclasses in circulating immune complexes isolated from mice infected with lactic dehydrogenase virus. Immunology. 1983 Mar;48(3):511–517. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Meulenberg J. J., Hulst M. M., de Meijer E. J., Moonen P. L., den Besten A., de Kluyver E. P., Wensvoort G., Moormann R. J. Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV. Virology. 1993 Jan;192(1):62–72. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1008. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nelson E. A., Christopher-Hennings J., Benfield D. A. Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1994 Oct;6(4):410–415. doi: 10.1177/104063879400600402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pol J. M., van Dijk J. E., Wensvoort G., Terpstra C. Pathological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical changes caused by Lelystad virus in experimentally induced infections of mystery swine disease (synonym: porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS)). Vet Q. 1991 Jul;13(3):137–143. doi: 10.1080/01652176.1991.9694298. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rossow K. D., Bautista E. M., Goyal S. M., Molitor T. W., Murtaugh M. P., Morrison R. B., Benfield D. A., Collins J. E. Experimental porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in one-, four-, and 10-week-old pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1994 Jan;6(1):3–12. doi: 10.1177/104063879400600102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rowson K. E., Mahy B. W. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. J Gen Virol. 1985 Nov;66(Pt 11):2297–2312. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-66-11-2297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Terpstra C., Wensvoort G., Pol J. M. Experimental reproduction of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: Koch's postulates fulfilled. Vet Q. 1991 Jul;13(3):131–136. doi: 10.1080/01652176.1991.9694297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Wensvoort G., de Kluyver E. P., Pol J. M., Wagenaar F., Moormann R. J., Hulst M. M., Bloemraad R., den Besten A., Zetstra T., Terpstra C. Lelystad virus, the cause of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome: a review of mystery swine disease research at Lelystad. Vet Microbiol. 1992 Nov;33(1-4):185–193. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(92)90046-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Yoon I. J., Joo H. S., Christianson W. T., Kim H. S., Collins J. E., Morrison R. B., Dial G. D. An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibody to swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1992 Apr;4(2):144–147. doi: 10.1177/104063879200400205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES