Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1994 Feb;176(3):840–847. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.3.840-847.1994

The mannitol repressor (MtlR) of Escherichia coli.

R M Figge 1, T M Ramseier 1, M H Saier Jr 1
PMCID: PMC205122  PMID: 8300537

Abstract

The mannitol operon of Escherichia coli, encoding the mannitol-specific enzyme II of the phosphotransferase system (Mt1A) and mannitol phosphate dehydrogenase (Mt1D), is here shown to contain a single additional downstream open reading frame which encodes the mannitol repressor (Mt1R). Mt1R contains 195 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 21,990 and a calculated pI of 4.5. It is homologous to the product of an open reading frame (URF2D) upstream of the E. coli gapB gene but represents a novel type of transcriptional regulatory protein.

Full text

PDF
840

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alefounder P. R., Perham R. N. Identification, molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a gene cluster encoding the class II fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase and a putative second glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 1989 Jun;3(6):723–732. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00221.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Altschul S. F., Gish W., Miller W., Myers E. W., Lipman D. J. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403–410. doi: 10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berkowitz D. D-Mannitol utilization in Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1971 Jan;105(1):232–240. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.1.232-240.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Borck K., Beggs J. D., Brammar W. J., Hopkins A. S., Murray N. E. The construction in vitro of transducing derivatives of phage lambda. Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Jul 23;146(2):199–207. doi: 10.1007/BF00268089. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Botsford J. L., Harman J. G. Cyclic AMP in prokaryotes. Microbiol Rev. 1992 Mar;56(1):100–122. doi: 10.1128/mr.56.1.100-122.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Boyer H. W., Roulland-Dussoix D. A complementation analysis of the restriction and modification of DNA in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1969 May 14;41(3):459–472. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90288-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248–254. doi: 10.1006/abio.1976.9999. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chin A. M., Feldheim D. A., Saier M. H., Jr Altered transcriptional patterns affecting several metabolic pathways in strains of Salmonella typhimurium which overexpress the fructose regulon. J Bacteriol. 1989 May;171(5):2424–2434. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.5.2424-2434.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Chou P. Y., Fasman G. D. Prediction of the secondary structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1978;47:45–148. doi: 10.1002/9780470122921.ch2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Davis T., Yamada M., Elgort M., Saier M. H., Jr Nucleotide sequence of the mannitol (mtl) operon in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 1988 May;2(3):405–412. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00045.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dayhoff M. O., Barker W. C., Hunt L. T. Establishing homologies in protein sequences. Methods Enzymol. 1983;91:524–545. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(83)91049-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dower W. J., Miller J. F., Ragsdale C. W. High efficiency transformation of E. coli by high voltage electroporation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jul 11;16(13):6127–6145. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.13.6127. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Feldheim D. A., Chin A. M., Nierva C. T., Feucht B. U., Cao Y. W., Xu Y. F., Sutrina S. L., Saier M. H., Jr Physiological consequences of the complete loss of phosphoryl-transfer proteins HPr and FPr of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system and analysis of fructose (fru) operon expression in Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1990 Sep;172(9):5459–5469. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.9.5459-5469.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Garnier J., Osguthorpe D. J., Robson B. Analysis of the accuracy and implications of simple methods for predicting the secondary structure of globular proteins. J Mol Biol. 1978 Mar 25;120(1):97–120. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90297-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Gunasekera A., Ebright Y. W., Ebright R. H. DNA sequence determinants for binding of the Escherichia coli catabolite gene activator protein. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jul 25;267(21):14713–14720. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hanahan D. Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 5;166(4):557–580. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80284-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hanamura A., Aiba H. A new aspect of transcriptional control of the Escherichia coli crp gene: positive autoregulation. Mol Microbiol. 1992 Sep;6(17):2489–2497. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01425.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Jiang W., Wu L. F., Tomich J., Saier M. H., Jr, Niehaus W. G. Corrected sequence of the mannitol (mtl) operon in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 1990 Nov;4(11):2003–2006. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb02050.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kohara Y., Akiyama K., Isono K. The physical map of the whole E. coli chromosome: application of a new strategy for rapid analysis and sorting of a large genomic library. Cell. 1987 Jul 31;50(3):495–508. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90503-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Kundig W., Roseman S. Sugar transport. I. Isolation of a phosphotransferase system from Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1971 Mar 10;246(5):1393–1406. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. LISS M., HORWITZ S. B., KAPLAN N. O. D-Mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase and D-sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in Aerobacter aerogenes. J Biol Chem. 1962 Apr;237:1342–1350. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Lee C. A., Saier M. H., Jr Mannitol-specific enzyme II of the bacterial phosphotransferase system. III. The nucleotide sequence of the permease gene. J Biol Chem. 1983 Sep 10;258(17):10761–10767. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Lengeler J., Lin E. C. Reversal of the mannitol-sorbitol diauxie in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1972 Nov;112(2):840–848. doi: 10.1128/jb.112.2.840-848.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Lengeler J. Mutations affecting transport of the hexitols D-mannitol, D-glucitol, and galactitol in Escherichia coli K-12: isolation and mapping. J Bacteriol. 1975 Oct;124(1):26–38. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.1.26-38.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Lengeler J. Nature and properties of hexitol transport systems in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1975 Oct;124(1):39–47. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.1.39-47.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Lengeler J., Steinberger H. Analysis of the regulatory mechanisms controlling the synthesis of the hexitol transport systems in Escherichia coli K12. Mol Gen Genet. 1978 Aug 17;164(2):163–169. doi: 10.1007/BF00267381. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Leonard J. E., Saier M. H., Jr Genetic dissection of catalytic activities of the Salmonella typhimurium mannitol enzyme II. J Bacteriol. 1981 Feb;145(2):1106–1109. doi: 10.1128/jb.145.2.1106-1109.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Marger M. D., Saier M. H., Jr A major superfamily of transmembrane facilitators that catalyse uniport, symport and antiport. Trends Biochem Sci. 1993 Jan;18(1):13–20. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(93)90081-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Meissner P. S., Sisk W. P., Berman M. L. Bacteriophage lambda cloning system for the construction of directional cDNA libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):4171–4175. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.12.4171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Midgley C. A., Fisher C. J., Bártek J., Vojtesek B., Lane D., Barnes D. M. Analysis of p53 expression in human tumours: an antibody raised against human p53 expressed in Escherichia coli. J Cell Sci. 1992 Jan;101(Pt 1):183–189. doi: 10.1242/jcs.101.1.183. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Novotny M. J., Reizer J., Esch F., Saier M. H., Jr Purification and properties of D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase and D-glucitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1984 Sep;159(3):986–990. doi: 10.1128/jb.159.3.986-990.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Pearson W. R., Lipman D. J. Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2444–2448. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Ramseier T. M., Nègre D., Cortay J. C., Scarabel M., Cozzone A. J., Saier M. H., Jr In vitro binding of the pleiotropic transcriptional regulatory protein, FruR, to the fru, pps, ace, pts and icd operons of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. J Mol Biol. 1993 Nov 5;234(1):28–44. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1561. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Reznikoff W. S. Catabolite gene activator protein activation of lac transcription. J Bacteriol. 1992 Feb;174(3):655–658. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.3.655-658.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Rosenberg H., Pearce S. M., Hardy C. M., Jacomb P. A. Rapid turnover of mannitol-1-phosphate in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1984 Apr;158(1):63–68. doi: 10.1128/jb.158.1.63-68.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Saier M. H., Jr, Cox D. F., Moczydlowski E. G. Sugar phosphate:sugar transphosphorylation coupled to exchange group translocation catalyzed by the enzyme II complexes of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 25;252(24):8908–8916. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Saier M. H., Jr, Feucht B. U., Mora W. K. Sugar phosphate: sugar transphosphorylation and exchange group translocation catalyzed by the enzyme 11 complexes of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system. J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 25;252(24):8899–8907. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Saier M. H., Jr, Reizer J. Proposed uniform nomenclature for the proteins and protein domains of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system. J Bacteriol. 1992 Mar;174(5):1433–1438. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.5.1433-1438.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Salzberg S., Cost S. Predicting protein secondary structure with a nearest-neighbor algorithm. J Mol Biol. 1992 Sep 20;227(2):371–374. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90892-n. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Sarno M. V., Tenn L. G., Desai A., Chin A. M., Grenier F. C., Saier M. H., Jr Genetic evidence for glucitol-specific enzyme III, an essential phosphocarrier protein of the Salmonella typhimurium glucitol phosphotransferase system. J Bacteriol. 1984 Mar;157(3):953–955. doi: 10.1128/jb.157.3.953-955.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Simoni R. D., Roseman S., Saier M. H., Jr Sugar transport. Properties of mutant bacteria defective in proteins of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system. J Biol Chem. 1976 Nov 10;251(21):6584–6597. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Simons R. W., Houman F., Kleckner N. Improved single and multicopy lac-based cloning vectors for protein and operon fusions. Gene. 1987;53(1):85–96. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90095-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Studier F. W., Moffatt B. A. Use of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to direct selective high-level expression of cloned genes. J Mol Biol. 1986 May 5;189(1):113–130. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(86)90385-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Tabor S., Richardson C. C. A bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system for controlled exclusive expression of specific genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(4):1074–1078. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.4.1074. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Tanaka S., Lerner S. A., Lin E. C. Replacement of a phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked dehydrogenase for the utilization of mannitol. J Bacteriol. 1967 Feb;93(2):642–648. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.2.642-648.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Vartak N. B., Reizer J., Reizer A., Gripp J. T., Groisman E. A., Wu L. F., Tomich J. M., Saier M. H., Jr Sequence and evolution of the FruR protein of Salmonella typhimurium: a pleiotropic transcriptional regulatory protein possessing both activator and repressor functions which is homologous to the periplasmic ribose-binding protein. Res Microbiol. 1991 Nov-Dec;142(9):951–963. doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(91)90005-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Vidal-Ingigliardi D., Raibaud O. Three adjacent binding sites for cAMP receptor protein are involved in the activation of the divergent malEp-malKp promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 1;88(1):229–233. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.1.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. WOLFF J. B., KAPLAN N. O. Hexitol metabolism in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1956 May;71(5):557–564. doi: 10.1128/jb.71.5.557-564.1956. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Yamada M., Saier M. H., Jr Glucitol-specific enzymes of the phosphotransferase system in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence of the gut operon. J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 25;262(12):5455–5463. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Yamada M., Saier M. H., Jr Positive and negative regulators for glucitol (gut) operon expression in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1988 Oct 5;203(3):569–583. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90193-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Yamada M., Yamada Y., Saier M. H., Jr Nucleotide sequence and expression of the gutQ gene within the glucitol operon of Escherichia coli. DNA Seq. 1990;1(2):141–145. doi: 10.3109/10425179009016042. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Yashphe J., Kaplan N. O. Revertants of Escherichia coli mutants defective in the cyclic AMP system. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1975 Mar;167(1):388–392. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(75)90475-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES