Skip to main content
PMC home page
Clinical Microbiology Reviews logoLink to Clinical Microbiology Reviews
. 1989 Apr;2(Suppl):S92–103. doi: 10.1128/cmr.2.suppl.s92

Genetic loci and linkage associations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis.

S E West 1, V L Clark 1
PMCID: PMC358085  PMID: 2497967

Full text

PDF
S103

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Apicella M. A. Antigenically distinct populations of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: isolation and characterization of the responsible determinants. J Infect Dis. 1974 Dec;130(6):619–625. doi: 10.1093/infdis/130.6.619. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Apicella M. A., Bennett K. M., Hermerath C. A., Roberts D. E. Monoclonal antibody analysis of lipopolysaccharide from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis. Infect Immun. 1981 Dec;34(3):751–756. doi: 10.1128/iai.34.3.751-756.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Apicella M. A., Gagliardi N. C. Antigenic heterogeneity of the non-serogroup antigen structure of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipopolysaccharides. Infect Immun. 1979 Dec;26(3):870–874. doi: 10.1128/iai.26.3.870-874.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Apicella M. A. Serogrouping of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: identification of four immunologically distinct acidic polysaccharides. J Infect Dis. 1976 Oct;134(4):377–383. doi: 10.1093/infdis/134.4.377. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Barbour A. G. Properties of penicillin-binding proteins in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Feb;19(2):316–322. doi: 10.1128/aac.19.2.316. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Barlow A. K., Heckels J. E., Clarke I. N. Molecular cloning and expression of Neisseria meningitidis class 1 outer membrane protein in Escherichia coli K-12. Infect Immun. 1987 Nov;55(11):2734–2740. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.11.2734-2740.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Barritt D. S., Schwalbe R. S., Klapper D. G., Cannon J. G. Antigenic and structural differences among six proteins II expressed by a single strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1987 Sep;55(9):2026–2031. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.9.2026-2031.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bilofsky H. S., Burks C. The GenBank genetic sequence data bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Mar 11;16(5):1861–1863. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.5.1861. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Biswas G. D., Lacks S. A., Sparling P. F. Transformation-deficient mutants of piliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1989 Feb;171(2):657–664. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.2.657-664.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Black J. R., Dyer D. W., Thompson M. K., Sparling P. F. Human immune response to iron-repressible outer membrane proteins of Neisseria meningitidis. Infect Immun. 1986 Dec;54(3):710–713. doi: 10.1128/iai.54.3.710-713.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Black W. J., Cannon J. G. Cloning of the gene for the common pathogenic Neisseria H.8 antigen from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1985 Jan;47(1):322–325. doi: 10.1128/iai.47.1.322-325.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Blumenthal R. M., Gregory S. A., Cooperider J. S. Cloning of a restriction-modification system from Proteus vulgaris and its use in analyzing a methylase-sensitive phenotype in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1985 Nov;164(2):501–509. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.2.501-509.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Bygdeman S., Bäckman M., Danielsson D., Norgren M. Genetic linkage between serogroup specificity and antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand B. 1982 Jun;90(3):243–250. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1982.tb00112.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Cameron G. N. The EMBL data library. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Mar 11;16(5):1865–1867. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.5.1865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Campbell L. A., Yasbin R. E. Mutagenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: absence of error-prone repair. J Bacteriol. 1984 Oct;160(1):288–293. doi: 10.1128/jb.160.1.288-293.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Cannon J. G., Klapper D. G., Blackman E. Y., Sparling P. F. Genetic locus (nmp-1) affecting the principal outer membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1980 Aug;143(2):847–851. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.2.847-851.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Cannon J. G., Lee T. J., Guymon L. F., Sparling P. F. Genetics of serum resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: the sac-1 genetic locus. Infect Immun. 1981 May;32(2):547–552. doi: 10.1128/iai.32.2.547-552.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Cannon J. G., Sparling P. F. The genetics of the gonococcus. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1984;38:111–133. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.38.100184.000551. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Carbonetti N. H., Simnad V. I., Seifert H. S., So M., Sparling P. F. Genetics of protein I of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: construction of hybrid porins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(18):6841–6845. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.18.6841. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Carbonetti N. H., Sparling P. F. Molecular cloning and characterization of the structural gene for protein I, the major outer membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9084–9088. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.9084. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Catlin B. W., Reyn A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from disseminated and localised infections in pre-penicillin era. Auxotypes and antibacterial drug resistances. Br J Vener Dis. 1982 Jun;58(3):158–165. doi: 10.1136/sti.58.3.158. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Clark V. L., Campbell L. A., Palermo D. A., Evans T. M., Klimpel K. W. Induction and repression of outer membrane proteins by anaerobic growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1987 Jun;55(6):1359–1364. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.6.1359-1364.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Connell T. D., Black W. J., Kawula T. H., Barritt D. S., Dempsey J. A., Kverneland K., Jr, Stephenson A., Schepart B. S., Murphy G. L., Cannon J. G. Recombination among protein II genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae generates new coding sequences and increases structural variability in the protein II family. Mol Microbiol. 1988 Mar;2(2):227–236. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00024.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Danielsson D., Faruki H., Dyer D., Sparling P. F. Recombination near the antibiotic resistance locus penB results in antigenic variation of gonococcal outer membrane protein I. Infect Immun. 1986 May;52(2):529–533. doi: 10.1128/iai.52.2.529-533.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Demerec M., Adelberg E. A., Clark A. J., Hartman P. E. A proposal for a uniform nomenclature in bacterial genetics. Genetics. 1966 Jul;54(1):61–76. doi: 10.1093/genetics/54.1.61. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Dougherty T. J. Genetic analysis and penicillin-binding protein alterations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae with chromosomally mediated resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Nov;30(5):649–652. doi: 10.1128/aac.30.5.649. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Dougherty T. J., Koller A. E., Tomasz A. Penicillin-binding proteins of penicillin-susceptible and intrinsically resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Nov;18(5):730–737. doi: 10.1128/aac.18.5.730. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Dyer D. W., McKenna W., Woods J. P., Sparling P. F. Isolation by streptonigrin enrichment and characterization of a transferrin-specific iron uptake mutant of Neisseria meningitidis. Microb Pathog. 1987 Nov;3(5):351–363. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(87)90005-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Dyer D. W., West E. P., McKenna W., Thompson S. A., Sparling P. F. A pleiotropic iron-uptake mutant of Neisseria meningitidis lacks a 70-kilodalton iron-regulated protein. Infect Immun. 1988 Apr;56(4):977–983. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.4.977-983.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Eisenstein B. I., Sparling P. F. Mutations to increased antibiotic sensitivity in naturally-occurring gonococci. Nature. 1978 Jan 19;271(5642):242–244. doi: 10.1038/271242a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Evins G. M., Knapp J. S. Characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae reference strains used in development of serologic classification systems. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Feb;26(2):358–363. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.2.358-363.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Falk E. S., Bjorvatn B., Danielsson D., Kristiansen B. E., Melby K., Sørensen B. Restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of chromosomal DNA of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand B. 1984 Oct;92(5):271–278. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1984.tb02833.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Faruki H., Sparling P. F. Genetics of resistance in a non-beta-lactamase-producing gonococcus with relatively high-level penicillin resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Dec;30(6):856–860. doi: 10.1128/aac.30.6.856. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Frasch C. E., Zollinger W. D., Poolman J. T. Serotype antigens of Neisseria meningitidis and a proposed scheme for designation of serotypes. Rev Infect Dis. 1985 Jul-Aug;7(4):504–510. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.4.504. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Gotschlich E. C., Blake M. S., Koomey J. M., Seiff M., Derman A. Cloning of the structural genes of three H8 antigens and of protein III of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Exp Med. 1986 Sep 1;164(3):868–881. doi: 10.1084/jem.164.3.868. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Gotschlich E. C., Seiff M. E., Blake M. S., Koomey M. Porin protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: cloning and gene structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):8135–8139. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.8135. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Gotschlich E. C., Seiff M., Blake M. S. The DNA sequence of the structural gene of gonococcal protein III and the flanking region containing a repetitive sequence. Homology of protein III with enterobacterial OmpA proteins. J Exp Med. 1987 Feb 1;165(2):471–482. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.2.471. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Gouy M., Gautier C. Codon usage in bacteria: correlation with gene expressivity. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Nov 25;10(22):7055–7074. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.22.7055. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Gribskov M., Devereux J., Burgess R. R. The codon preference plot: graphic analysis of protein coding sequences and prediction of gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 2):539–549. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part2.539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Grosjean H., Fiers W. Preferential codon usage in prokaryotic genes: the optimal codon-anticodon interaction energy and the selective codon usage in efficiently expressed genes. Gene. 1982 Jun;18(3):199–209. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90157-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Guymon L. F., Sparling P. F. Altered crystal violet permeability and lytic behavior in antibiotic-resistant and -sensitive mutants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1975 Nov;124(2):757–763. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.2.757-763.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Guymon L. F., Walstad D. L., Sparling P. F. Cell envelope alterations in antibiotic-sensitive and-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1978 Oct;136(1):391–401. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.1.391-401.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Haas R., Meyer T. F. The repertoire of silent pilus genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: evidence for gene conversion. Cell. 1986 Jan 17;44(1):107–115. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90489-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Halter R., Pohlner J., Meyer T. F. IgA protease of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: isolation and characterization of the gene and its extracellular product. EMBO J. 1984 Jul;3(7):1595–1601. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02016.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Hitchcock P. J., Hayes S. F., Mayer L. W., Shafer W. M., Tessier S. L. Analyses of gonococcal H8 antigen. Surface location, inter- and intrastrain electrophoretic heterogeneity, and unusual two-dimensional electrophoretic characteristics. J Exp Med. 1985 Dec 1;162(6):2017–2034. doi: 10.1084/jem.162.6.2017. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Jones F., Cunningham E. J., Shockley T. E., Jackson J. H. Genetic analysis of spontaneous resistance to ampicillin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Jul;28(1):21–27. doi: 10.1128/aac.28.1.21. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. KELLOGG D. S., Jr, PEACOCK W. L., Jr, DEACON W. E., BROWN L., PIRKLE D. I. NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. I. VIRULENCE GENETICALLY LINKED TO CLONAL VARIATION. J Bacteriol. 1963 Jun;85:1274–1279. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.6.1274-1279.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Kawula T. H., Aho E. L., Barritt D. S., Klapper D. G., Cannon J. G. Reversible phase variation of expression of Neisseria meningitidis class 5 outer membrane proteins and their relationship to gonococcal proteins II. Infect Immun. 1988 Feb;56(2):380–386. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.2.380-386.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Kawula T. H., Spinola S. M., Klapper D. G., Cannon J. G. Localization of a conserved epitope and an azurin-like domain in the H.8 protein of pathogenic Neisseria. Mol Microbiol. 1987 Sep;1(2):179–185. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1987.tb00510.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Koelbl J. A., Catlin B. W. Vancomycin hypersusceptibility in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from patients involves diverse mutations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Apr;29(4):687–695. doi: 10.1128/aac.29.4.687. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Koomey J. M., Falkow S. Cloning of the recA gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and construction of gonococcal recA mutants. J Bacteriol. 1987 Feb;169(2):790–795. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.2.790-795.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Koomey J. M., Falkow S. Nucleotide sequence homology between the immunoglobulin A1 protease genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Infect Immun. 1984 Jan;43(1):101–107. doi: 10.1128/iai.43.1.101-107.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Koomey J. M., Gill R. E., Falkow S. Genetic and biochemical analysis of gonococcal IgA1 protease: cloning in Escherichia coli and construction of mutants of gonococci that fail to produce the activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(24):7881–7885. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.24.7881. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Kristiansen B. E., Sørensen B., Simonsen T., Spanne O., Lund V., Bjorvatn B. Isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from different sites in the same patient: phenotypic and genomic studies, with special reference to adherence, piliation, and DNA restriction endonuclease pattern. J Infect Dis. 1984 Sep;150(3):389–396. doi: 10.1093/infdis/150.3.389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Maier T. W., Warner P., Zubryzycki L., Chila M. Identification of drug resistance loci in various clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Sep;12(3):444–446. doi: 10.1128/aac.12.3.444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Maier T. W., Zubrzycki L., Coyle M. B., Chila M., Warner P. Genetic analysis of drug resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: production of increased resistance by the combination of two antibiotic resistance loci. J Bacteriol. 1975 Nov;124(2):834–842. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.2.834-842.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Maier T. W., Zubrzycki L., Coyle M. B. Genetic analysis of drug resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: identification and linkage relationships of loci controlling drug resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1975 May;7(5):676–681. doi: 10.1128/aac.7.5.676. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Maness M. J., Foster G. C., Sparling P. F. Ribosomal resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1974 Dec;120(3):1293–1299. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.3.1293-1299.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Maness M. J., Sparling P. F. Multiple antibiotic resistance due to a single mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Infect Dis. 1973 Sep;128(3):321–330. doi: 10.1093/infdis/128.3.321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Mayer L. W., Schoolnik G. K., Falkow S. Genetic studies on Neisseria gonorrhoeae from disseminated gonococcal infections. Infect Immun. 1977 Oct;18(1):165–172. doi: 10.1128/iai.18.1.165-172.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. McShan W. M., Williams R. P., Hull R. A. A recombinant molecule from a disseminating strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that confers serum bactericidal resistance. Infect Immun. 1987 Dec;55(12):3017–3022. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.12.3017-3022.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Meyer T. F., Billyard E., Haas R., Storzbach S., So M. Pilus genes of Neisseria gonorrheae: chromosomal organization and DNA sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(19):6110–6114. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.19.6110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Meyer T. F., Frosch M., Gibbs C. P., Haas R., Halter R., Pohlner J., van Putten J. P. Virulence functions and antigen variation in pathogenic Neisseriae. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1988;54(5):421–430. doi: 10.1007/BF00461860. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Meyer T. F., Mlawer N., So M. Pilus expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae involves chromosomal rearrangement. Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):45–52. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90010-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Mickelsen P. A., Blackman E., Sparling P. F. Ability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, and commensal Neisseria species to obtain iron from lactoferrin. Infect Immun. 1982 Mar;35(3):915–920. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.3.915-920.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Mietzner T. A., Luginbuhl G. H., Sandstrom E., Morse S. A. Identification of an iron-regulated 37,000-dalton protein in the cell envelope of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1984 Aug;45(2):410–416. doi: 10.1128/iai.45.2.410-416.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Morse S. A., Apicella M. A. Isolation of a lipopolysaccharide mutant of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: an analysis of the antigenic and biologic difference. J Infect Dis. 1982 Feb;145(2):206–216. doi: 10.1093/infdis/145.2.206. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Newhall W. J., Wilde C. E., 3rd, Sawyer W. D., Haak R. A. High-molecular-weight antigenic protein complex in the outer membrane of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1980 Feb;27(2):475–482. doi: 10.1128/iai.27.2.475-482.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Nicolson I. J., Perry A. C., Heckels J. E., Saunders J. R. Genetic analysis of variant pilin genes from Neisseria gonorrhoeae P9 cloned in Escherichia coli: physical and immunological properties of encoded pilins. J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Mar;133(3):553–561. doi: 10.1099/00221287-133-3-553. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Nicolson I. J., Perry A. C., Virji M., Heckels J. E., Saunders J. R. Localization of antibody-binding sites by sequence analysis of cloned pilin genes from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Apr;133(4):825–833. doi: 10.1099/00221287-133-4-825. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Palermo D. A., Evans T. M., Clark V. L. Expression of a cloned lipopolysaccharide antigen from Neisseria gonorrhoeae on the surface of Escherichia coli K-12. Infect Immun. 1987 Nov;55(11):2844–2849. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.11.2844-2849.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Perry A. C., Nicolson I. J., Saunders J. R. Neisseria meningitidis C114 contains silent, truncated pilin genes that are homologous to Neisseria gonorrhoeae pil sequences. J Bacteriol. 1988 Apr;170(4):1691–1697. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.4.1691-1697.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Perry A. C., Nicolson I. J., Saunders J. R. Structural analysis of the pilE region of Neisseria gonorrhoeae P9. Gene. 1987;60(1):85–92. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90216-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Pohlner J., Halter R., Beyreuther K., Meyer T. F. Gene structure and extracellular secretion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae IgA protease. 1987 Jan 29-Feb 4Nature. 325(6103):458–462. doi: 10.1038/325458a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Potts W. J., Saunders J. R. Nucleotide sequence of the structural gene for class I pilin from Neisseria meningitidis: homologies with the pilE locus of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Mol Microbiol. 1988 Sep;2(5):647–653. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00073.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Raleigh E. A., Murray N. E., Revel H., Blumenthal R. M., Westaway D., Reith A. D., Rigby P. W., Elhai J., Hanahan D. McrA and McrB restriction phenotypes of some E. coli strains and implications for gene cloning. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Feb 25;16(4):1563–1575. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.4.1563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Sarubbi F. A., Jr, Blackman E., Sparling P. F. Genetic mapping of linked antibiotic resistance loci in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1974 Dec;120(3):1284–1292. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.3.1284-1292.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Sarubbi F. A., Jr, Sparling P. F., Blackman E., Lewis E. Loss of low-level antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae due to env mutations. J Bacteriol. 1975 Nov;124(2):750–756. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.2.750-756.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Schwalbe R. S., Cannon J. G. Genetic transformation of genes for protein II in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1986 Jul;167(1):186–190. doi: 10.1128/jb.167.1.186-190.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Shafer W. M., Guymon L. F., Lind I., Sparling P. F. Identification of an envelope mutation (env-10) resulting in increased antibiotic susceptibility and pyocin resistance in a clinical isolate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Jun;25(6):767–769. doi: 10.1128/aac.25.6.767. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Shafer W. M., Guymon L. F., Sparling P. F. Identification of a new genetic site (sac-3+) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae that affects sensitivity to normal human serum. Infect Immun. 1982 Mar;35(3):764–769. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.3.764-769.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Shinners E. N., Catlin B. W. Arginine and pyrimidine biosynthetic defects in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from patients. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):295–302. doi: 10.1128/jb.151.1.295-302.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Shinners E. N., Catlin B. W. Arginine biosynthesis in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: enzymes catalyzing the formation of ornithine and citrulline. J Bacteriol. 1978 Oct;136(1):131–135. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.1.131-135.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Shinners E. N., Catlin B. W. Mutation in a locus linked to penB-nmp causes suppression of the Mtr phenotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Jul;32(7):971–977. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.7.971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Smith C. L., Econome J. G., Schutt A., Klco S., Cantor C. R. A physical map of the Escherichia coli K12 genome. Science. 1987 Jun 12;236(4807):1448–1453. doi: 10.1126/science.3296194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Sparling P. F. Genetic transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to streptomycin resistance. J Bacteriol. 1966 Nov;92(5):1364–1371. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.5.1364-1371.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Sparling P. F., Sarubbi F. A., Jr, Blackman E. Inheritance of low-level resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1975 Nov;124(2):740–749. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.2.740-749.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Spratt B. G. Hybrid penicillin-binding proteins in penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Nature. 1988 Mar 10;332(6160):173–176. doi: 10.1038/332173a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. Staden R., McLachlan A. D. Codon preference and its use in identifying protein coding regions in long DNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 11;10(1):141–156. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.1.141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Stein D. C., Gregoire S., Piekarowicz A. Restriction of plasmid DNA during transformation but not conjugation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1988 Jan;56(1):112–116. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.1.112-116.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Stein D. C., Silver L. E., Clark V. L., Young F. E. Cloning genes for proline biosynthesis from Neisseria gonorrhoeae: identification by interspecific complementation of Escherichia coli mutants. J Bacteriol. 1984 May;158(2):696–700. doi: 10.1128/jb.158.2.696-700.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Steinberg V. I., Fenton A. C., Baker E. H., Goldberg I. D. Cotransformation of temperature sensitivity and nutritional markers in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):206–212. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.1.206-212.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Stephens D. S., Shafer W. M. Evidence that the serum resistance genetic locus sac-3 of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is involved in lipopolysaccharide structure. J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Sep;133(9):2671–2678. doi: 10.1099/00221287-133-9-2671. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. Stern A., Nickel P., Meyer T. F., So M. Opacity determinants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: gene expression and chromosomal linkage to the gonococcal pilus gene. Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):447–456. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90375-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Sullivan K. M., Saunders J. R. Sequence analysis of the NgoPII methyltransferase gene from Neisseria gonorrhoeae P9: homologies with other enzymes recognizing the sequence 5'-GGCC-3'. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 May 25;16(10):4369–4387. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.10.4369. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Swanson J., Bergström S., Barrera O., Robbins K., Corwin D. Pilus- gonococcal variants. Evidence for multiple forms of piliation control. J Exp Med. 1985 Aug 1;162(2):729–744. doi: 10.1084/jem.162.2.729. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Taha M. K., So M., Seifert H. S., Billyard E., Marchal C. Pilin expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is under both positive and negative transcriptional control. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4367–4378. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03335.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Tam M. R., Buchanan T. M., Sandström E. G., Holmes K. K., Knapp J. S., Siadak A. W., Nowinski R. C. Serological classification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1982 Jun;36(3):1042–1053. doi: 10.1128/iai.36.3.1042-1053.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Tenover F. C., Clark V. L., Young F. E. Presence of methyl adenine in the DNA of some strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Aug 29;95(4):1796–1800. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(80)80107-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Tsai J., Dyer D. W., Sparling P. F. Loss of transferrin receptor activity in Neisseria meningitidis correlates with inability to use transferrin as an iron source. Infect Immun. 1988 Dec;56(12):3132–3138. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.12.3132-3138.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Warner P. F., Zubrzycki L. J., Chila M. Polygenes and modifier genes for tetracycline and penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Gen Microbiol. 1980 Mar;117(1):103–110. doi: 10.1099/00221287-117-1-103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  103. West S. E., Sparling P. F. Aerobactin utilization by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and cloning of a genomic DNA fragment that complements Escherichia coli fhuB mutations. J Bacteriol. 1987 Aug;169(8):3414–3421. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.8.3414-3421.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. West S. E., Sparling P. F. Response of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to iron limitation: alterations in expression of membrane proteins without apparent siderophore production. Infect Immun. 1985 Feb;47(2):388–394. doi: 10.1128/iai.47.2.388-394.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  105. Wharton R. D., Zubrzycki L. Temperature-sensitive mutants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1976 Sep;127(3):1579–1581. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1579-1581.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical Microbiology Reviews are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES