Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1995 Feb 14;92(4):1092–1096. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.4.1092

Cell cycle-dependent regulation of p185neu: a relationship between disruption of this regulation and transformation.

N Kiyokawa 1, D H Yan 1, M E Brown 1, M C Hung 1
PMCID: PMC42643  PMID: 7862640

Abstract

Structure and function of p185neu receptor tyrosine kinase were found to be regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. In M phase, p185neu is hyperphosphorylated at serine and/or threonine residues. The phosphotyrosine [Tyr(P)] content of p185neu is at its highest level in G0/G1 phase, decreases through S and G2 phases, and reaches its lowest level in M phase. Phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) and GTPase-activating protein (GAP), substrates of p185neu, also have a similar profile of Tyr(P) content during the cell cycle. These results, along with in vitro immune complex kinase assays, suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of p185neu is least active in M phase. Interestingly, the mutation-activated neu oncogene (neu*)-encoded protein product, p185neu* escaped from cell cycle regulation. Taken together, we demonstrate in this report that the structure and function of p185neu are regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner, yet p185neu* escapes from this regulation and remains active through the cell cycle. Disruption of this cell cycle regulation may define a mechanism for p185neu*-mediated cellular transformation.

Full text

PDF
1092

Images in this article

1093Fig. 1
on p.1093
1093Fig. 2
on p.1093
1094Fig. 3
on p.1094
1095Fig. 4
on p.1095
1095Fig. 5
on p.1095

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bargmann C. I., Hung M. C., Weinberg R. A. Multiple independent activations of the neu oncogene by a point mutation altering the transmembrane domain of p185. Cell. 1986 Jun 6;45(5):649–657. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90779-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bargmann C. I., Hung M. C., Weinberg R. A. The neu oncogene encodes an epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein. Nature. 1986 Jan 16;319(6050):226–230. doi: 10.1038/319226a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bargmann C. I., Weinberg R. A. Increased tyrosine kinase activity associated with the protein encoded by the activated neu oncogene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5394–5398. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.15.5394. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bischoff J. R., Friedman P. N., Marshak D. R., Prives C., Beach D. Human p53 is phosphorylated by p60-cdc2 and cyclin B-cdc2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4766–4770. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4766. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Böni-Schnetzler M., Pilch P. F. Mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor autophosphorylation and high-affinity binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7832–7836. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7832. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chackalaparampil I., Shalloway D. Altered phosphorylation and activation of pp60c-src during fibroblast mitosis. Cell. 1988 Mar 25;52(6):801–810. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90422-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chen P. L., Scully P., Shew J. Y., Wang J. Y., Lee W. H. Phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product is modulated during the cell cycle and cellular differentiation. Cell. 1989 Sep 22;58(6):1193–1198. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90517-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dobashi K., Davis J. G., Mikami Y., Freeman J. K., Hamuro J., Greene M. I. Characterization of a neu/c-erbB-2 protein-specific activating factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8582–8586. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8582. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Draetta G., Beach D. Activation of cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis in human cells: cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and subunit rearrangement. Cell. 1988 Jul 1;54(1):17–26. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90175-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Fazioli F., Kim U. H., Rhee S. G., Molloy C. J., Segatto O., Di Fiore P. P. The erbB-2 mitogenic signaling pathway: tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma and GTPase-activating protein does not correlate with erbB-2 mitogenic potency. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;11(4):2040–2048. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.4.2040. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Holmes W. E., Sliwkowski M. X., Akita R. W., Henzel W. J., Lee J., Park J. W., Yansura D., Abadi N., Raab H., Lewis G. D. Identification of heregulin, a specific activator of p185erbB2. Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1205–1210. doi: 10.1126/science.256.5060.1205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hung M. C., Schechter A. L., Chevray P. Y., Stern D. F., Weinberg R. A. Molecular cloning of the neu gene: absence of gross structural alteration in oncogenic alleles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(2):261–264. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.2.261. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hung M. C., Yan D. H., Zhao X. Y. Amplification of the proto-neu oncogene facilitates oncogenic activation by a single point mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2545–2548. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.8.2545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kipreos E. T., Wang J. Y. Differential phosphorylation of c-Abl in cell cycle determined by cdc2 kinase and phosphatase activity. Science. 1990 Apr 13;248(4952):217–220. doi: 10.1126/science.2183353. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Langan T. A., Gautier J., Lohka M., Hollingsworth R., Moreno S., Nurse P., Maller J., Sclafani R. A. Mammalian growth-associated H1 histone kinase: a homolog of cdc2+/CDC28 protein kinases controlling mitotic entry in yeast and frog cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Sep;9(9):3860–3868. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.9.3860. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lee M. G., Nurse P. Complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2. Nature. 1987 May 7;327(6117):31–35. doi: 10.1038/327031a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lin B. T., Gruenwald S., Morla A. O., Lee W. H., Wang J. Y. Retinoblastoma cancer suppressor gene product is a substrate of the cell cycle regulator cdc2 kinase. EMBO J. 1991 Apr;10(4):857–864. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb08018.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lupu R., Colomer R., Kannan B., Lippman M. E. Characterization of a growth factor that binds exclusively to the erbB-2 receptor and induces cellular responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 15;89(6):2287–2291. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.6.2287. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lupu R., Colomer R., Zugmaier G., Sarup J., Shepard M., Slamon D., Lippman M. E. Direct interaction of a ligand for the erbB2 oncogene product with the EGF receptor and p185erbB2. Science. 1990 Sep 28;249(4976):1552–1555. doi: 10.1126/science.2218496. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Muller W. J., Sinn E., Pattengale P. K., Wallace R., Leder P. Single-step induction of mammary adenocarcinoma in transgenic mice bearing the activated c-neu oncogene. Cell. 1988 Jul 1;54(1):105–115. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90184-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Padhy L. C., Shih C., Cowing D., Finkelstein R., Weinberg R. A. Identification of a phosphoprotein specifically induced by the transforming DNA of rat neuroblastomas. Cell. 1982 Apr;28(4):865–871. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90065-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pelech S. L., Sanghera J. S., Daya-Makin M. Protein kinase cascades in meiotic and mitotic cell cycle control. Biochem Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;68(12):1297–1330. doi: 10.1139/o90-194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Peles E., Bacus S. S., Koski R. A., Lu H. S., Wen D., Ogden S. G., Levy R. B., Yarden Y. Isolation of the neu/HER-2 stimulatory ligand: a 44 kd glycoprotein that induces differentiation of mammary tumor cells. Cell. 1992 Apr 3;69(1):205–216. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90131-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Peles E., Lamprecht R., Ben-Levy R., Tzahar E., Yarden Y. Regulated coupling of the Neu receptor to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and its release by oncogenic activation. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jun 15;267(17):12266–12274. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Ralston R., Bishop J. M. The product of the protooncogene c-src is modified during the cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):7845–7849. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.23.7845. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Schechter A. L., Hung M. C., Vaidyanathan L., Weinberg R. A., Yang-Feng T. L., Francke U., Ullrich A., Coussens L. The neu gene: an erbB-homologous gene distinct from and unlinked to the gene encoding the EGF receptor. Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):976–978. doi: 10.1126/science.2992090. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Segatto O., Pelicci G., Giuli S., Digiesi G., Di Fiore P. P., McGlade J., Pawson T., Pelicci P. G. Shc products are substrates of erbB-2 kinase. Oncogene. 1993 Aug;8(8):2105–2112. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Shenoy S., Choi J. K., Bagrodia S., Copeland T. D., Maller J. L., Shalloway D. Purified maturation promoting factor phosphorylates pp60c-src at the sites phosphorylated during fibroblast mitosis. Cell. 1989 Jun 2;57(5):763–774. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90791-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Stern D. F., Heffernan P. A., Weinberg R. A. p185, a product of the neu proto-oncogene, is a receptorlike protein associated with tyrosine kinase activity. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 May;6(5):1729–1740. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.5.1729. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Tobey R. A., Oishi N., Crissman H. A. Cell cycle synchronization: reversible induction of G2 synchrony in cultured rodent and human diploid fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):5104–5108. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.13.5104. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Weiner D. B., Liu J., Cohen J. A., Williams W. V., Greene M. I. A point mutation in the neu oncogene mimics ligand induction of receptor aggregation. Nature. 1989 May 18;339(6221):230–231. doi: 10.1038/339230a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Welch P. J., Wang J. Y. A C-terminal protein-binding domain in the retinoblastoma protein regulates nuclear c-Abl tyrosine kinase in the cell cycle. Cell. 1993 Nov 19;75(4):779–790. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90497-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Yarden Y., Schlessinger J. Epidermal growth factor induces rapid, reversible aggregation of the purified epidermal growth factor receptor. Biochemistry. 1987 Mar 10;26(5):1443–1451. doi: 10.1021/bi00379a035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yu D. H., Hung M. C. Expression of activated rat neu oncogene is sufficient to induce experimental metastasis in 3T3 cells. Oncogene. 1991 Nov;6(11):1991–1996. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES