Skip to main content
The British Journal of Ophthalmology logoLink to The British Journal of Ophthalmology
. 1994 Apr;78(4):307–312. doi: 10.1136/bjo.78.4.307

Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis: review of the literature on the pathogenetic mechanisms.

E La Hey 1, P T de Jong 1, A Kijlstra 1
PMCID: PMC504771  PMID: 8199120

Full text

PDF
311

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arffa R. C., Schlaegel T. F., Jr Chorioretinal scars in Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984 Aug;102(8):1153–1155. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1984.01040030931016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arocker-Mettinger E., Asenbauer T., Ulbrich S., Grabner G. Serum interleukin 2-receptor levels in uveitis. Curr Eye Res. 1990;9 (Suppl):25–29. doi: 10.3109/02713689008999415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Arocker-Mettinger E., Steurer-Georgiew L., Steurer M., Huber-Spitzy V., Hoelzl E., Grabner G., Kuchar A. Circulating ICAM-1 levels in serum of uveitis patients. Curr Eye Res. 1992;11 (Suppl):161–166. doi: 10.3109/02713689208999527. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Berger B. B., Tessler H. H., Kottow M. H. Anterior segment ischemia in Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1980 Mar;98(3):499–501. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020030495012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. CALMETTES, DEODATI, AMALRIC Un cas d'association d'hétérochromie de Fuchs et de syndrome de Claude Bernard-Horner. Rev Otoneuroophtalmol. 1953 Aug-Sep;25(6):399–400. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cousins S. W., Trattler W. B., Streilein J. W. Immune privilege and suppression of immunogenic inflammation in the anterior chamber of the eye. Curr Eye Res. 1991 Apr;10(4):287–297. doi: 10.3109/02713689108996334. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. De Bruyere M., Dernouchamps J. P., Sokal G. HLA antigens in Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1986 Sep 15;102(3):392–393. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(86)90019-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dernouchamps J. P. The proteins of the aqueous humour. Doc Ophthalmol. 1982 Nov 1;53(3):193–248. doi: 10.1007/BF00140422. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dernouchamps J. P., Vaerman J. P., Michiels J., Masson P. L. Immune complexes in the aqueous humor and serum. Am J Ophthalmol. 1977 Jul;84(1):24–31. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(77)90319-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Donoso L. A., Eiferman R. A., Magargal L. E. Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis associated with subclavian steal syndrome. Ann Ophthalmol. 1981 Oct;13(10):1153–1155. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. FRANCOIS J., MASTILOVIC B. [Fuchs' heterochromia associated with chorioretinal heredo-degeneration]. Ann Ocul (Paris) 1961 May;194:385–396. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Foets B. J., van den Oord J. J., Billiau A., Van Damme J., Missotten L. Heterogeneous induction of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens on corneal endothelium by interferon-gamma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Feb;32(2):341–345. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Foets B. J., van den Oord J. J., Volpes R., Missotten L. In situ immunohistochemical analysis of cell adhesion molecules on human corneal endothelial cells. Br J Ophthalmol. 1992 Apr;76(4):205–209. doi: 10.1136/bjo.76.4.205. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Fulmek R. Hemiatrophia progressiva faciei (Romberg-Syndrom) mit gleichseitiger Heterochromia complicata (Fuchs-Syndrom) Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1974 May;164(5):615–628. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Glasner P. D., Silveira C., Kruszon-Moran D., Martins M. C., Burnier Júnior M., Silveira S., Camargo M. E., Nussenblatt R. B., Kaslow R. A., Belfort Júnior R. An unusually high prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in southern Brazil. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Aug 15;114(2):136–144. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73976-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Goldberg M. F., Erozan Y. S., Duke J. R., Frost J. K. Cytopathologic and histopathologic aspects of Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1965 Nov;74(5):604–609. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1965.00970040606004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. HOLLWICH F. [On the differential diagnosis of heterochromic cyclitis]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1963 Feb;142:129–139. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Henderly D. E., Genstler A. J., Smith R. E., Rao N. A. Changing patterns of uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1987 Feb 15;103(2):131–136. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74217-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hoang-Xuan T., Foster C. S., Jakobiec F. A., Tauber J., Sainz de la Maza M., Krebs W. Romberg's progressive hemifacial atrophy: an association with scleral melting. Cornea. 1991 Jul;10(4):361–366. doi: 10.1097/00003226-199107000-00014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hollwich F. Heterochromia complicata Fuchs. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1988 Feb;192(2):87–96. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1050081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Huang A. J., Tseng S. C. Corneal epithelial wound healing in the absence of limbal epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Jan;32(1):96–105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Huber A., Kraus-Mackiw E. Heterochromiezyklitis Fuchs bei Moebius-syndrom. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1981 Mar;178(3):182–185. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1057179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Jones N. P. Fuchs' Heterochromic Uveitis: a reappraisal of the clinical spectrum. Eye (Lond) 1991;5(Pt 6):649–661. doi: 10.1038/eye.1991.121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Kirnbauer R., Charvat B., Schauer E., Köck A., Urbanski A., Förster E., Neuner P., Assmann I., Luger T. A., Schwarz T. Modulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on human melanocytes and melanoma cells: evidence for a regulatory role of IL-6, IL-7, TNF beta, and UVB light. J Invest Dermatol. 1992 Mar;98(3):320–326. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12499793. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. La Hey E., Baarsma G. S. Contralateral active ocular toxoplasmosis in Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993 Jul;77(7):455–456. doi: 10.1136/bjo.77.7.455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. La Hey E., Baarsma G. S. Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis and retinal vascular abnormalities in progressive hemifacial atrophy. Eye (Lond) 1993;7(Pt 3):426–428. doi: 10.1038/eye.1993.84. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. La Hey E., Broersma L., van der Gaag R., Baarsma G. S., Rothova A., Kijlstra A. Does autoimmunity to S-antigen play a role in Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis? Br J Ophthalmol. 1993 Jul;77(7):436–439. doi: 10.1136/bjo.77.7.436. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. La Hey E., Mooy C. M., Baarsma G. S., de Vries J., de Jong P. T., Kijlstra A. Immune deposits in iris biopsy specimens from patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Jan 15;113(1):75–80. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75757-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. La Hey E., Rothova A., Baarsma G. S., de Vries J., van Knapen F., Kijlstra A. Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis is not associated with ocular toxoplasmosis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992 Jun;110(6):806–811. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1992.01080180078032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Laties A. M. Specific neurohistory comes of age: a look back and a lood forward. The Jonas S. Friedenwald memorial lecture. Invest Ophthalmol. 1972 Jul;11(7):555–584. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. MAKLEY T. A., ABBOTT K. NEUROGENIC HETEROCHROMIA; REPORT OF AN INTERESTING CASE. Am J Ophthalmol. 1965 May;59:927–928. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. MAKLEY T. A., Jr Heterochromic cyclitis in identical twins. Am J Ophthalmol. 1956 May;41(5):768–772. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(56)91769-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. MOSS M. L., CRIKELAIR G. F. Progressive facial hemiatrophy following cervical sympathectomy in the rat. Arch Oral Biol. 1960 Jan;1:254–258. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(60)90052-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. McCartney A. C., Bull T. B., Spalton D. J. Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis: an electron microscopy study. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1986;105(Pt 3):324–329. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Melamed S., Lahav M., Sandbank U., Yassur Y., Ben-Sira I. Fuch's heterochromic iridocyclitis: an electron microscopic study of the iris. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1978 Dec;17(12):1193–1199. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Murray P. I., Dinning W. J., Rahi A. H. T-lymphocyte subpopulations in uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1984 Oct;68(10):746–749. doi: 10.1136/bjo.68.10.746. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Murray P. I., Hoekzema R., Luyendijk L., Konings S., Kijlstra A. Analysis of aqueous humor immunoglobulin G in uveitis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, isoelectric focusing, and immunoblotting. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990 Oct;31(10):2129–2135. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Murray P. I., Hoekzema R., van Haren M. A., de Hon F. D., Kijlstra A. Aqueous humor interleukin-6 levels in uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990 May;31(5):917–920. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Murray P. I., Mooy C. M., Visser-de Jong E., Baarsma G. S., de Vries P. T., de Jong V. M., Kijlstra A. Immunohistochemical analysis of iris biopsy specimens from patients with Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Apr 15;109(4):394–399. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74604-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Murray P. I., Young D. W. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in retinal vasculitis. Curr Eye Res. 1992;11 (Suppl):193–195. doi: 10.3109/02713689208999532. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Murray P. Serum autoantibodies and uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1986 Apr;70(4):266–268. doi: 10.1136/bjo.70.4.266. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Niederkorn J. Y. Immune privilege and immune regulation in the eye. Adv Immunol. 1990;48:191–226. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60755-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. O'Connor G. R. Doyne lecture. Heterochromic iridocyclitis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1985;104(Pt 3):219–231. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Pensler J. M., Murphy G. F., Mulliken J. B. Clinical and ultrastructural studies of Romberg's hemifacial atrophy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990 May;85(5):669–676. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Rehder J. R., Burnier M. B., Jr, Pavesio C. E., Kim M. K., Rigueiro M., Petrilli A. M., Belfort R., Jr Acute unilateral toxoplasmic iridocyclitis in an AIDS patient. Am J Ophthalmol. 1988 Dec 15;106(6):740–741. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(88)90712-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Ringvold A. An electron microscopic study of the iris stroma in monkey and rabbit with particular reference to intercellular contacts and sympathetic innervation of anterior layer cells. Exp Eye Res. 1975 Apr;20(4):349–365. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(75)90117-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. SUGAR H. S., BANKS T. L. FUCHS' HETEROCHROMIC CYCLITIS ASSOCIATED WITH FACIAL HEMIATROPHY (SCLERODERMA EN COUP DE SABRE). Am J Ophthalmol. 1964 Apr;57:627–632. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Saari M., Vuorre I., Nieminen H. Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis: a simultaneous bilateral fluorescein angiographic study of the iris. Br J Ophthalmol. 1978 Oct;62(10):715–721. doi: 10.1136/bjo.62.10.715. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Saraux H., Laroche L., Le Hoang P. Secondary Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis: a new approach to an old disease. Ophthalmologica. 1985;190(4):193–198. doi: 10.1159/000309517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Schwab I. R. The epidemiologic association of Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis and ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991 Mar 15;111(3):356–362. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72322-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Sibley L. D., Boothroyd J. C. Virulent strains of Toxoplasma gondii comprise a single clonal lineage. Nature. 1992 Sep 3;359(6390):82–85. doi: 10.1038/359082a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Streilein J. W. Immune regulation and the eye: a dangerous compromise. FASEB J. 1987 Sep;1(3):199–208. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Streilein J. W., Niederkorn J. Y., Shadduck J. A. Systemic immune unresponsiveness induced in adult mice by anterior chamber presentation of minor histocompatibility antigens. J Exp Med. 1980 Oct 1;152(4):1121–1125. doi: 10.1084/jem.152.4.1121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Streilein J. W., Wilbanks G. A., Taylor A., Cousins S. Eye-derived cytokines and the immunosuppressive intraocular microenvironment: a review. Curr Eye Res. 1992;11 (Suppl):41–47. doi: 10.3109/02713689208999510. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Tabbut B. R., Tessler H. H., Williams D. Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis in blacks. Arch Ophthalmol. 1988 Dec;106(12):1688–1690. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1988.01060140860027. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Toledo de Abreu M., Belfort R., Jr, Hirata P. S. Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis and ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1982 Jun;93(6):739–744. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(82)90470-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Vadot E. Cyclite hétérochromique de Fuchs post-traumatique. Bull Soc Ophtalmol Fr. 1981 Aug-Sep;81(8-9):665–667. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. la Hey E., Baarsma G. S., Rothova A., Broersma L., van der Gaag R., Kijlstra A. High incidence of corneal epithelium antibodies in Fuch's heterochromic cyclitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1988 Dec;72(12):921–925. doi: 10.1136/bjo.72.12.921. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. van der Gaag R., Broersma L., Rothova A., Baarsma S., Kijlstra A. Immunity to a corneal antigen in Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989 Mar;30(3):443–448. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. van der Veen J., Polak M. F. Prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies according to age with comments on the risk of prenatal infection. J Hyg (Lond) 1980 Oct;85(2):165–174. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400063191. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The British Journal of Ophthalmology are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES